Since 1996, concerns regarding the efficiency of public administration have been attracting renewed interest. Therefore, the latest meetings of the International Institute of Administrative Sciences (IIAS) have focussed on topics related to this subject. African agencies responsible for public administration and development have not escaped this trend. The topic of this Second Biennial Pan-African Conference of Ministers of Civil Service, organized under the auspices of the African Centre for Administrative Training and Research for Development (CAFRAD), PCivil Service in Africa: New Challenges, Professionalism and Ethics,S confirms this trend. This statement illustrates a basic achievement: researchers, practitioners and users of public services are unanimous in the view that "good administration is not a luxury; it is an essential condition for development."