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What is it?
The principle of participation holds that, to have an effective State, all significant political groups should be actively involved in matters that directly affect them and have a chance to influence policy.
Why is it important?
Participation in political and public affairs is a human right. As recognized by the UN Human Rights Council, equal and effective participation in political and public affairs is of critical importance for democracy, the rule of law, social inclusion, economic development and advancing gender equality and empowerment of women and girls, as well as for the realization of all human rights and fundamental freedoms [Praia Handbook on Governance Statistics]. Accordingly, the 2030 Agenda under SDG target 16.7 calls to "ensure responsive, inclusive, participatory and representative decision-making at all levels".
Commonly used strategies
Commonly used strategies to operationalize this principle include free and fair elections, regulatory process of public consultation, multi-stakeholder forums, participatory budgeting and community-driven development.
What are some key insights for governments?
Identifying the most effective policies requires the participation and engagement of all stakeholders, inter alia, local authorities, civil society and the private sector, on various policy options. Policies to implement the SDGs should be developed in a participatory, inclusive and collaborative fashion and it is important to institutionalize participation and engagement so as to ensure that various parts of civil society have an opportunity to make their voices heard. This can enhance ownership of the SDGs and support effective implementation and monitoring at all levels.
Technical guidance for government officials
 | CEPA strategy guidance note on participatory budgeting |
Related meetings
 | Expert group meeting: Formal and informal institutions for citizen engagement (Paris, 20-21 October 2014) () (E/C.16/2015/CRP.1) (ST/ESA/PAD/SER.E/202) |